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1 NJÓTA
* * *(nýt; naut, nutum; notit), v.1) to have the use or benefit of, to enjoy (þú skalt njóta kvikfjár þíns ok verða í brottu frá Helgafelli); skal hann njóta draums síns, he shall have his dream out; njót þú heill handa, good luck go with your hands;2) to derive benefit from, profit by; Egils nauztu at því, föður þíns, you had your father Egil to thank for that; lítt lætr þú mik njóta frændsemi frá þér, you let me have little profit of kinship with you; nauzt þú nú þess, at ek var eigi við búinn, it was your good fortune that I was not ready for you; njóta e-s við, to receive help at one’s hands; mun ek yðvar verða við at njóta, I shall have need of your help; njóta af e-u, to consume (naut vóru œrin, nutum af stórum);3) impers., ekki nýtr sólar, there is no sun; naut at því mest hans forellris, at, it was chiefly due to his forefathers that; þess naut mjök við í Þrándheimi ( it helped greatly), at menn áttu þar mikil forn korn;4) recipr., njótast, to enjoy each other (Þorveig seiddi til þess, at þau skyldi eigi njóta mega).* * *pres. nýt; pret. naut, nauzt, naut, pl. nutu; subj. nyti; imperat. njót: [Ulf. niûtan and ga-niutan = ἀγρεύεν, συλλαμβάνειν, but also = ὀνίνασθαι, Philem. 20; as also nuta = ἁλιεύς, ὁ ζωγρων; it may be that net, nót (= a net) are derived from the same root, and that the primitive sense of this word was to catch, hunt, whence metaph. to use, enjoy; A. S. niotan; O. H. G. niozan; Germ. nützen, geniessen; Dan. nyde.]B. To use, enjoy, with gen.; neyta eðr njóta vættis, Nj. 238, Grág. ii. 79; njóta yndis, Vsp. 63; ættir jóku, aldrs nutu, Rm. 37, Fs. 39; vel keypts litar hefi ek vel notið, Hm. 107; nýtr manngi nás, 70; knáka ek þess njóta, Am. 52; njóta Guðs miskunnar, Hom. 43, O. H. L. 88; skal hann n. draums síns, he shall enjoy his dream undisturbed, Nj. 94; ef hann hefði eigi notið hans ráða ok vizku, Fb. ii. 80; njóti sá er nam, Hm. 165; njóttú ef þú namt, Sdm.; niout kubls! see kuml; njóttú heill handa, blessed be thy hands! an exclamation, Nj. 60, Gísl. 87; svá njóta ek trú minnar, at …, upon my faith! upon my word! Edda i. 130.II. to derive benefit from or through the virtue of another person; Sigríðr. kona þin, er þess van at þit njótið hennar bæði nú ok síðarr, Fms. ii. 18; naut hann drottningar at því, v. 348; Egils nauztú at því föður þíns, Ísl. ii. 215; at hann mundi njóta föður sins en gjalda, Gísl. 73; heldr geldr Leifr Þrándar en nýtr frá mér, Fms. ii. 116 (see gjalda II. 2):—to get advantage from, nauztú nú þess (it saved thee, helped thee) at ek var eigi við búinn, Nj. 58; vér skulum þess n. at vér erum fleiri, 64; n. liðsmunar, to avail oneself of one’s greater strength:—n. e-s við, to receive help at one’s hands; fyrir löngu værir þú af lífi tekinn ef eigi nytir þú vár við, Fb. ii. 130; því at þér nutuð mín við, Ó. H. 136; mun ek yðar þurfa við at n. ef ek fæ rétt af, Nj. 6:—n. af e-u, to consume; naut vóru ærin nutum af stórum, Am. 92.2. impers., þess naut mjök við í Þrándheimi ( it availed much) at menn áttu þar mikil forn korn, Ó. H. 102; naut at því mest forellris, Fms. viii. 11: in the phrase, það nýtr sólar, the sun is seen; ekki nýtr þar sólar, there is little sun, Edda 40.III. recipr. to enjoy one another; Þorveig seiddi til þess at þau skyldi eigi njótask mega, Korm. 54; þó höfum vit bæði breytni til þess at vit mættim njótask, Nj. 13; ok þótti fýsiligt at þau nytisk, that they should marry, O. T. 32. -
2 valere
be worth( essere valido) be validnon vale nulla it's worthless, it isn't worth anythingfar valere diritti, autorità assertnon vale! that's not fair!* * *valere v. intr.1 to be worth: valere molto, poco, to be worth a lot, little; un uomo che vale, a valuable man; come attore non vale molto, as an actor he is not up to much; quel professionista non vale molto, that professional is not very competent; il dollaro vale più dell'euro, the dollar is worth more than the euro; merce che vale poco, worthless goods // vale tanto oro quanto pesa, it is worth its weight in gold; vale un tesoro, una fortuna, un occhio della testa, un Perù, it is worth a fortune (o a mint of money); non vale uno zero, un'acca, un fico secco, (fam.) it is not worth a bean (o a penny o a rap) // tanto vale, it is just (o all) the same: per me tanto vale che tu prenda anche questo, it would be just the same to me if you took this too; se lo fai così, tanto vale che tu non lo faccia, if you do it like that, you might as well not do it at all; tanto vale restare qui, we may as well stay here; tanto valeva che venisse anche lui, he might as well have come too // valere la pena, to be worth (while): fu molto difficile, ma ne valeva proprio la pena, it was very difficult, but it was well worth it; non ne vale la pena, it is not worthwhile: non vale la pena che tu stia qui tutto il giorno, it's not worthwhile your staying (o for you to stay) here all day; non vale la pena di leggere questo libro, this book is not worth reading; varrebbe la pena di andarci, it would be worth going // vendere qlco. per quel che vale, to sell sthg. for what it is worth // far valere le proprie ragioni, to get one's way; far valere i propri diritti, to assert (o to enforce) one's rights (o one's claims) // farsi valere, to assert oneself2 ( contare, aver peso) to count, to be of account; to weigh, to be of weight, to have weight: la prima partita non vale, the first game doesn't count; quello che dici non vale in questo caso, what you are saying does not count in this case; la sua dichiarazione non valse niente per i giudici, his declaration didn't carry any weight with the judges; le tue considerazioni non valgono in simili circostanze, your considerations have no weight in such circumstances; (amm.) questa dichiarazione non vale ai fini fiscali, this assessment does not count for tax purposes // val meglio tacere, it is better to keep quiet // non vale!, that's not fair!3 ( servire, giovare) to be of use, to be of avail, to count: a che cosa ti valse tutto il tuo zelo?, where did all your zeal get you?; a che vale lavorare tanto?, what is the use (o good) of working so much?; i miei consigli non valsero a fargli cambiare condotta, my advice was of no use in making him change his behaviour; questa azione gli valse la medaglia, this act won him the decoration; tutto quello che ho fatto non è valso a nulla, all I did was no use (o of no avail) // val più la pratica della grammatica, practice is better than theory4 ( essere valido) to be valid; ( essere in vigore) to be in force: questo biglietto vale per 24 ore, this ticket is valid for 24 hours; questo contratto non vale più, this contract is no longer valid; questa legge non vale più, this law is no longer in force5 ( equivalere) to be equal (to sthg.), to be worth: una sillaba lunga vale due brevi, a long syllable is equal to two short ones // vale a dire, ( cioè) that is (to say), ( significa che) that's as much as to say, ( specificatamente) namely // uno vale l'altro, there's nothing between them (o they're much of a muchness)◆ v.tr. to win*: il romanzo gli valse il primo premio, the novel won him the first prize.◘ valersi v.intr.pron. to avail oneself, to make* use, to take* advantage; to use (s.o., sthg.): si valse di ogni opportunità, di tutti i suoi diritti, he availed himself (o he took advantage) of every opportunity, of all his rights; si valse di tutte le sue conoscenze per tacitare lo scandalo, he availed himself of all his acquaintances to hush up the scandal; si valse del mio nome, he made use of my name.* * *1. [va'lere]vb irreg vi (aus essere)1) (persona: contare) to be worthfar valere le proprie ragioni — to make o.s. heard
farsi valere — to make o.s. appreciated o respected
2) (avere efficacia: documento) to be valid, (avere vigore) to hold, applyquesto vale anche per te — this applies to you, too
3) (essere regolamentare: partita) to be valid, count4) (giovare) to be of useprima o poi lo verrà a sapere, tanto vale dirglielo subito — he'll find out sooner or later, so we (o you ecc) might as well tell him now
l'uno vale l'altro — the one is as good as the other, they amount to the same thing
valere la pena — to be worth the effort o worth it
6) (cosa: avere pregio) to be worth2. vtgli ha valso il primo premio — it earned him first prizeciò gli ha valso un esaurimento — that was what brought on o caused his nervous breakdown
3. vip (valersi)valersi dei consigli di qn — to take o act upon sb's advice
* * *[va'lere] 1.1) (avere un dato valore) to be* worthvalere 10 euro — to be worth 10 euros, to have a value of 10 euros
non valere niente — (economicamente) to be worthless; (qualitativamente) [materiale, prodotto, romanzo] to be rubbish o no good; [ persona] to be worthless
come cuoco non vale niente — he's a useless cook, he's not much of a cook
tanto vale che rinunciamo — we might o may as well give up
3) (meritare)valere la pena — to be worth ( di fare doing)
4) (essere valido) [biglietto, documento] to be* valid; [regole, teorie] to apply ( per to)5) (contare) to count6) (giovare) to be* of use, to be* of avail7) vale a dire that is (to say), namely2.vale a dire che...? — does that mean that...?
verbo transitivo (procurare) to win*, to earn3.ciò mi valse un premio — that earned o won me a price
verbo pronominale valersi- rsi di — to avail oneself of, to take advantage of [offerta, opportunità]; to make use of [strumento, consigli]
••fare valere — to exercise, to assert [ diritti]
farsi valere — to put oneself across, to assert oneself
* * *valere/va'lere/ [96](aus. essere)1 (avere un dato valore) to be* worth; valere 10 euro to be worth 10 euros, to have a value of 10 euros; valere una fortuna to be worth a fortune; non valere niente (economicamente) to be worthless; (qualitativamente) [materiale, prodotto, romanzo] to be rubbish o no good; [ persona] to be worthless; quest'auto vale il suo prezzo this car is good value (for money); come cuoco non vale niente he's a useless cook, he's not much of a cook; vale tanto oro quanto pesa he is worth his weight in gold2 (equivalere a) il tuo lavoro vale tanto quanto il loro your work is just as good as theirs; uno vale l'altro one is as good as the other; tanto vale che rinunciamo we might o may as well give up; tanto valeva che glielo chiedessi it would be just as well if you asked him3 (meritare) valere la pena to be worth ( di fare doing); non (ne) vale la pena it isn't worth it; ne è valsa davvero la pena it's been well worthwhile; vale la pena chiederglielo? is it any use asking?4 (essere valido) [biglietto, documento] to be* valid; [regole, teorie] to apply ( per to); lo stesso vale per lui! the same goes for him! non vale! it's not fair!5 (contare) to count; la partita vale per il campionato the match counts for the championship; il tuo parere non vale niente your opinion counts for nothing6 (giovare) to be* of use, to be* of avail; a nulla sono valsi i miei consigli my advice was of no use7 vale a dire that is (to say), namely; vale a dire che...? does that mean that...?III valersi verbo pronominale- rsi di to avail oneself of, to take advantage of [offerta, opportunità]; to make use of [strumento, consigli]fare valere to exercise, to assert [ diritti]; farsi valere to put oneself across, to assert oneself; sa farsi valere he's very pushy. -
3 MEGA
(má, mátta, mátt), v.1) to be able to do, with acc.; eigi eru Asynjur úhelgari ok eigi megu þær minna, they are not less powerful; svá at vér mættim ekki, so that we could do nothing; m. betr, to be the stronger; m. við e-m, to be able to withstand one (hann mun ekki m. einn við mörgum); skulu mikit þín orð m. við mik, thy words shall have much weight with me;2) of health; m. vel, to be well; m. lítt, illa, to be poorly (hann spurpi, hversu hann mætti. — Eigi má ek nú vel, sagði hann); m. e-m, to do for one (má yðr þat, er yfir margan gengr);3) with infin., to be able; mátt þú sjá hana, ef þú vill, thou canst see her, if thou wilt; hann mátti ekki mæla, he could say nothing;4) to be permitted, allowed (hann mátti aldri tala til Kjartans, svá at Þorkell var hjá); nú man eigi m. sitjanda hlut í eiga, one must not remain sitting, be inactive;5) ellipt., the verb being understood (lemja man ek bogann, ef ek má); ferr þat sem má, go that as it may; má, at, it is possible that; þeir spurðu hversu þat mætti, how that could be.* * *pres. in a pret. form má, mátt, má; plur. megum, megut, megu, later and mod. megit, mega; pret. mátti; subj. pres. megi, pret. mætti; part. mátt; with suff. má’k = má ek, Og. 33; mætta’k = mætta ek, Þkv. 3; máttú = mátt-þú, passim: with neg. suff. pres. 1st pers. má’k-a, I cannot, Stor. 18; má’k-at ek, Am. 12; má’k-a’k, 52; má’kk-at-ek, Hallfred (Fs. 107): pret. mátti’g-a’k, I could not, Og. 32: [Ulf. magan = δύνασθαι; A. S. magan; Engl. may, might; Germ. mögen; Dan. maae.]B. To have strength to do, avail; svá at vér mættim ekki, so that we availed not, Am. 17; mega betr, to be the stronger, Karl. 423; allt má þó nauðigr skyldi, a saying, i. e. necessity is a great schoolmaster, Sturl. iii. 255; eigi megu þær minna, they are not less powerful, Edda 13; hverr er sá Guð, eða hvat má hann? 2: with dat., mega við e-m, to be able to withstand one; hann mun ekki mega einn við mörgum, Art. 22; ekki má við marginum, none can withstand the many, Fms. xi. 278; mega sér, var honum haldit til vinnu þegar er hann mátti sér nokkut, as soon as he grew strong, had any strength, Bs. i. 35; skulu mikit þín orð mega við mik, thy words shall go for much, Nj. 175; jafnmikit mega níu momentur ok tólf, Rb. 458.2. of health, like Lat. valere; mega vel, to be well; mega ílla, lítt, to be poorly, and so on; Komtú í Hitardal? segir Sturla—Já, sagði ferðamaðr—Hversu mátti Þorleifr?—Vel mátti hann, ok því var betr, at hann mátti vel, Sturl. i. 89; Hallr spurði, hversu þær mætti,—Harðla vel megum vit, Fms. ii. 201; hann var spurðr hversu hann mætti,—Má ek harða ílla, vi. 237; hann spyrr at Sigvalda, honum er sagt, at hann mátti lítið, xi. 102; hann spurði hversu hann mætti,—Eigi má ek nú vel, sagði hann, Bs. i. 182:—to do for one, má yðr þat er yfir margan gengr, it will do for one, what all others must bear, Eb. 168.II. followed by an infinitive, to be able; mátt þú sjá hana ef þú vill, thou canst see her if thou wilt, Nj. 3; þóttusk menn eigi mega leita hans, Eg. 230; at hann mætti fá sæmd sína, Fms. vi. 398; allt þat hann má miðla, Grág. i. 250; fé máttu þeir ekki bjarga, Nj. 267; hann mátti ekki mæla, Band. 14; sá einn hlutr var svá, at Njáli féll svá nær, at hann mátti aldri úklökvandi um tala, Nj. 171; þaðan sem þú mátt vel eta, 75; litlar sögur megu ganga frá hesti mínum, 90; fá mættim vér betr; landtöku, id.; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Fms. x. 230; dyrr þær er ganga mátti upp í húsit, Eg. 421; svá at hann mátti kveða um morguninn, id.; má vera, it may be, Nj. 75: hvat megi! as adverb, hvat megi til vita! nema þér vilit bíða vár hér, may be ye will wait here for us, Band. 40 new Ed.; hvat megi vinna okkrum ástum? Konnak; and so in countless instances.2. to be permitted, allowed; hann mátti aldri tala til Kjartans svá at Þorkell væri hjá, Ld. 232; halda máttú þessu sæti þótt hón komi sjálf til, Nj. 6; graut má göra hvárt er sygnt er eða heilagt, N. G. L. i. 349; kynfylgju spell, svá at hann má eigi ( cannot) lag eiga við konu sína, þá megu þau ( then they may) skiljast, H. E. i. 248; nú man eigi mega sitjanda hlut í eiga, in that case one must not remain sitting, be inactive, a looker on, Nj. 110; hann kvað þat eigi mega (that would not do, not be lawful) er maðr var sekr orðinn, 117.3. ellipt., the verb göra or vera being understood; lemja man ek bogann, ef ek má (viz. göra þat), Fms. x. 362; þat má vel, sagði Özurr. I may as well do so, I will, Nj. 6, Barl. 2, 4, 25: ef svá má (viz. vera), if so be, Grág. i. 411: the saying, ungr má en gamall skal, the young may, the old must (die); nálgastú mik ef þú megir, if thou canst, Gm.; þeir spurðu, hversu þat mætti, Fms. ix. 239; ok má (it may be, perhaps), at hans menn fari á land, Fbr. 74 new Ed.; en þá, verðr eptir þat sem má, leave the rest to luck, Gullþ. 7; ferr þat sem má, fare that as it may, go that as it may, Nj. 38; en þat mætti (viz. vera) at vér vikim þá skammt inn at leginu, Fms. vii. 361; má ok, at sumir sé vinhollir nokkut, ix. 331; má, at hana hendi eigi slík úgipta í annat sinn, Nj. 23; má, at ek leiti þagat vináttu. Fms. vi. 399: the ellipt. mættim (hafa), ix. 239 (lines 17, 18), is a mere slip.III. part. megandi, availing, mighty, strong; athafnarlauss ok ekki megandi, listless and of no avail, Fms. iii. 154; fylldi hann þat heit, er hann var megandi maðr, as soon as he grew to be a man of might, Bs. i. 791; lítt megandi, ‘of little main,’ feeble, helpless, Vsp. 17; ú-megandi, poor, destitute; cp. ú-magi.
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